The independent safety and controllability of the bearings of major technical equipment is the state's attention, and the 'bigger of the country' that the society pays attention to. It is the first priority of my country's bearing industry. 'Thirteenth Five"The development of a number of major technical equipment bearings has been completed. During the '14th Five-Year Plan' period, the research and development → engineering → industrialization of major technical equipment bearings has a long way to go. This paper expounds the key technologies, market demands, key points and difficulties of development of 7 iconic products of major technical equipment bearings, in order to promote the development of these high-end bearings, thereby speeding up the process of realizing the independent safety and controllability of major technical equipment bearings in my country. my country's strategic emerging industries and manufacturing power strategic key development areas require a large number of high-end bearings to support major technical equipment, the bearing industry should focus on the research and development → engineering → industrialization of these bearings, and my country's major technical equipment during the '14th Five-Year Plan' period. The specific fields and bearing types involved in the development tasks of bearings are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Development tasks of supporting bearings for major technical equipment and other high-end bearings in my country during the '14th Five-Year Plan' period Note: 1) Bearings for navigation and attitude control systems, bearings for solar wind panel drive mechanisms, and bearings for CCD high-precision camera mechanisms. 1 Main shaft bearing of civil aircraft engine 1.1 R&D basis my country's aviation supporting bearing industry started in the mid-1950s, mainly for military aircraft, and has roughly experienced repair and replacement, surveying and mapping imitation, trial production, batch (setting) production, comprehensive development, industry Adjustment, technological improvement and other development stages. The domestic aviation bearing industry has formed an industry layout with 'three factories, one school and one school' as the main force. In recent years, some enterprises have entered the field of aviation bearings, and the domestic aviation bearing industry has basically possessed the ability of product design, research and development, manufacturing and testing of various types of aviation supporting bearings. In the past 60 years, my country's bearing industry has successively developed and produced more than one thousand kinds and nearly one million sets of different types of aero-engine supporting main shaft bearings, aircraft accessories and engine accessories bearings, and other aviation supporting bearings. my country's bearing industry has already had certain basic conditions for the development of civil aero-engine spindle bearings. 1.2 Technical indicators and typical products The overall structure of the civil aero-engine is shown in Figure 1, and the typical products and structure of its main shaft bearing are shown in Figure 2. The technical indicators of the main shaft bearing are as follows: the dn value is greater than 3.0×106mm·r/min , high temperature resistance of 250 ~ 300 ℃, life of more than 15 000 h. 1-fan; 2-medium pressure compressor; 3-high pressure compressor; 4-high pressure turbine; 5-medium pressure turbine; 6-low pressure turbine; 7,12-low pressure bearing; 8,11-medium pressure bearing; 9, 10 a high pressure bearing. Fig.1 General structure diagram of engine spindle bearingsFig.1 General structure diagram of engine spindle bearingsFig.2 Structure diagram of engine spindle bearings1.3 Key technologies Aero-engine spindle bearings are the crown jewels of the bearing industry. Its design and manufacturing technology involve many hard technologies and even black technologies at the top of the bearing technology pyramid. This article only lists the following items: 1) Carry out bearing dynamic analysis including thermal analysis, dynamic characteristic analysis and thermoelastic hydrodynamic analysis and use Based on this, carry out simulation design; 2) carry out comprehensive bearing life research including fatigue life, wear life, precision life, vibration life, friction life; 3) study the potential failure factors and failure modes that cause early failure of bearings, and take countermeasures 4) Develop and apply a new generation of bearing steel with high temperature resistance above 400 ℃ and contact stress above 2400 MPa; 5) Promote to improve bearing stress distribution, reduce maximum contact stress, delay surface and subsurface crack source formation and fatigue Surface integrity manufacturing and anti-fatigue manufacturing with crack expansion as the main point; 6) R&D and application of surface modification technologies such as single-element or multi-element ion implantation aiming at reducing friction torque, improving wear resistance and reducing slipping damage; 7 ) Theoretical research on static tests and dynamic tests with small samples and unknown probability distribution, as well as the research and development and application of test methods and test methods; 8) Research and development of a new generation of bearing performance, durability and life test equipment and technology that simulate working conditions. 1.4 Market forecast The annual output of my country's civil aircraft and the corresponding demand for supporting bearings are shown in Table 2. The calculation is based on 2,000 sets of supporting bearings for each aircraft (900 sets of engine bearings), and 1,500 sets of supporting bearings for each helicopter. Table 2 my country's civil aircraft production and corresponding supporting bearing demand According to statistics, in 2017, my country's civil aircraft ownership was 3,250, accounting for 15% of the world's total. It is expected to rise to 8,684 in 2035, accounting for 19% of the world. With such a large number of passenger aircraft, the number of bearings that need to be repaired is also huge. 1.5 Summary Although there is still a big gap with the advanced level of foreign countries, my country's military aero-engine spindle bearings have achieved independent safety and control, while civil aero-engine spindle bearings are all imported, and there is a long way to go to achieve independent safety and control. (References omitted) Source: 'Bearing' 2022 Issue 1 (slightly modified)