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How one-way bearings work

by:JNSN     2022-04-09
The working principle of the one-way bearing

slope and roller design

The slope and roller one-way clutch basically consists of an outer ring with a cylindrical inner diameter, an inner ring with a slope and a spring force and a spring force respectively. Consists of a set of rollers that are always in close contact with the inner and outer rings. As long as the rotation of one of the raceways in its direction of motion has an effect on the other, this arrangement inherently ensures the immediateness of the overrunning speed and the immediate driveability.

This type of one-way clutch can be used for overrunning, indexing and anti-return in various environments.

When used as an overrunning one-way clutch

A ramp-type roller one-way clutch will be installed in such a way that the outer ring acts as an overrunning member. This is very important for high-speed overtaking. In the use of inner ring overrunning, the centrifugal force acting on the rollers will cause the overrunning speed to be limited.

When used as a non-return one-way clutch

A ramp roller type one-way clutch with only inner ring rotation is suitable for relatively low speeds. If the required speed is higher than the recommended speed, it is recommended to use the wedge type one-way n-coupler.

When used as an indexing one-way clutch

The outer ring is often seen as the oscillating element, and the inner ring is often seen as the slave element. Otherwise, the inertia of the rollers and springs will cause errors, especially at high frequency indexing. The use of diluted oil and strong springs provides high-speed indexing accuracy and high quality n.

Wedge type design

This wedge type one-way overrunning clutch is generally composed of inner ring, outer ring, wedge block group, wedge block cage, strong spring and bearing. The wedges transfer force from one raceway to the other by wedging between the inner and outer rings. Wedges have two diagonal diameters, (that is, the distance from one corner of the wedge to the other n diagonal corners), one of which is larger than the other. Wedge action occurs when the inner and outer rings rotate relative to each other and force the wedges to have a larger vertical position on a relatively large cross-section.

Self-locking angle wedge

Self-locking angle wedge mainly depends on wedging and self-locking angle of wedge between inner and outer rings. The basic concept of the wedge one-way clutch n The friction coefficient of the wedge is related to the sudden torque generated by the inner ring in the driving direction. This friction value must be larger than the tangent of the self-locking angle. If conditions are not safe, wedging will not occur.

The self-locking angle is determined by the structure of the wedge, and the points on the inner and outer rings are connected with the wedge respectively.

The wedges are designed with a very low initial self-locking angle n to ensure absolute engagement at the beginning. As the torque increases, a radial force is created on the wedge that deflects the wedge raceway, causing the wedge to roll to a new position. Wedges are often designed with a self-locking angle that increases gradually, as it goes from the overrun position to the maximum load bearing position. The relatively large self-locking angle reduces the n-direction force produced by the wedge, thus allowing greater torque to be transmitted as long as the elongation and Brinell hardness limits are required.

The main purpose of the one-way bearing: textile machinery; printing machinery; automobile industry; household appliances; money detector.

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