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Lubrication restrictions and equipment requirements for cylindrical roller bearings

by:JNSN     2022-09-24
Cylindrical rollers and raceways are linear contact bearings. Load capacity, mainly bear radial load. The friction between the rolling element and the rib of the ring is small, which is suitable for high-speed rotation. According to whether the ring has ribs or not, it can be divided into single row cylindrical roller bearings such as nu, nj, nup, n, and nf, and double row cylindrical roller bearings such as nnu and nn. The bearing is a structure in which the inner ring and the outer ring can be separated. Cylindrical roller bearings without ribs on the inner or outer ring, the inner and outer rings can move relative to the axial direction, so they can be used as free end bearings. Cylindrical roller bearings with double ribs on one side of the inner ring and outer ring and a single rib on the other side of the ring can withstand a certain degree of axial load in one direction. Generally, a steel stamping cage is used, or a copper alloy turning solid cage is used. However, there are also part of the use of polyamide forming cage. Cylindrical roller bearings are mainly used in large and medium-sized motors, locomotives, machine tool spindles, internal combustion engines, generators, gas turbines, gearboxes, rolling mills, vibrating screens, and hoisting and transportation machinery. In normal use, vibration is quite sensitive to bearing damage, spalling, indentation, corrosion, cracks, wear, etc. will be reflected in the bearing vibration measurement. Therefore, by using a special bearing vibration measuring instrument (frequency analyzer, etc.), the magnitude of the vibration can be measured, and the specific situation of the abnormality can be inferred through the frequency distribution. The measured values ​​differ depending on the operating conditions of the bearing or the installation position of the sensor. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and compare the measured values ​​of each machine in advance to determine the judgment standard. Cylindrical roller bearing lubrication limits the starting torque of rolling bearings in grease-lubricated applications at lower temperatures. The starting torque is not mainly determined by the stability of the grease, but is usually determined by the rheological properties of the grease. The high temperature limit of a grease is generally determined by the thermal stability, oxidative stability and antioxidant efficacy of the base oil. High temperature often means that the cylindrical roller bearing is in an abnormal condition, and high temperature is also harmful to the lubricant of the bearing. Sometimes bearing overheating can be attributed to the lubricant of the bearing. If the bearing is continuously rotated for a long time at a temperature exceeding 125°C, the bearing life will be reduced. The causes of high temperature bearings include: insufficient or excessive lubrication, impurities in the bearing raceway, excessively high limit speed, and long-term overload operation of the bearing. Device designers must evaluate the effect of temperature on device performance. For example, precision machine tool spindle bearings can be very sensitive to thermal expansion. For some spindles, special attention is required when operating temperatures are 20°c to 35°c above ambient temperature. Most industrial equipment can operate at fairly high temperatures. For example, transmission gears can withstand temperatures up to 93°C. Equipment such as gas turbines can operate continuously at temperatures above 100°C. However, during prolonged operation at high temperatures, the fit may be affected if the shaft and housing are not properly machined and heat treated. Although bearings can operate normally at temperatures up to 120°c, an upper temperature limit of 80°c to 95°c is more realistic. Higher operating temperatures increase transient temperature peaks, increasing the likelihood of bearing damage. Sample testing based on the specific application can help determine the operating temperature range. Equipment designers should weigh all relevant factors and ultimately determine a satisfactory operating temperature.
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