The performance test is an important link in the development of wheel bearing products. According to the function of the wheel hub bearing, its performance requirements and the factors determining the performance are analyzed, and the durability test, bending fatigue test, sealing test, high-speed leakage test, friction moment test, impact strength test are summarized. The research progress of test, road shoulder impact test, moment rigidity test, fretting wear test and other functional test methods in major OEMs. The existing wheel bearing performance test methods are evaluated, and the related research is prospected. With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the competition in the industry has become increasingly fierce, and the requirements for the quality of auto parts are getting higher and higher. Major OEMs have increased investment in research and development of basic automotive technologies. Wheel hub bearing is a safety component in automobile chassis parts, which has attracted much attention from OEMs. In order to develop wheel hub bearings with excellent performance, researchers in OEMs continue to explore more comprehensive, scientific and reasonable test methods to evaluate the performance of wheel hub bearings. , which provides important basic support for the development of the front-end. The performance test method of wheel bearings has not yet reached a consensus on a global scale, and there is no unified international standard. Even though some countries have formed some wheel hub bearing standards in the industrial field, such as the American Automobile Manufacturers Association standard SAE, the German standard industrial standard DIN, the Japanese industrial standard JIS, the Chinese machinery industry standard JB, etc., but there is no corresponding regulation for mandatory implementation, basically. In a reference state, mainstream wheel bearing manufacturers still follow the test standards of mainframe customers to carry out the design, demonstration and evaluation of wheel bearing products. The research work on wheel bearing performance test methods is mainly concentrated on the mainstream car companies in the world, which are divided into European series (typical representatives are Volkswagen, BMW, Mercedes-Benz), American series (typical representatives are GM, Ford, etc.), Japanese series (typical representatives are Toyota, etc.) , Honda, Mazda, etc.). Chinese car companies have not yet formed their own performance test method research system. Major car companies are constantly drawing on, absorbing and adopting foreign test specifications. They are also actively conducting joint research work with wheel bearing suppliers to make wheel bearing performance tests. Specifications tend to be reasonable. According to incomplete statistics, there are nearly 100 kinds of wheel hub bearing performance test specifications in the world, and the test methods and specifications of major car companies also have their own advantages and disadvantages. There are many reasons for the recall of a large number of vehicle after-sale bearings from different car companies and their unreasonable test methods for design evaluation. big relationship. In conclusion, this paper analyzes the performance requirements of wheel hub bearings, summarizes the current international mainstream wheel hub bearing performance test methods, compares and analyzes their rationality, and puts forward an evaluation overview, which provides a reference for the research on domestic wheel hub bearing performance tests. 1. Performance requirements and analysis of wheel hub bearings Passenger wheel hub bearings play two major functions of load-bearing and transmission on the vehicle, and the satisfaction of functional reliability derives corresponding performance requirements: long life, low friction, high strength, High stiffness, impact resistance, fretting resistance, leakage resistance, muddy water resistance, etc. Taking a typical third-generation wheel hub bearing unit as an example, the mapping relationship between the performance requirements of the wheel hub bearing and the requirements of each basic component is shown in Figure 1. There are many and complex factors that determine each performance of a wheel hub bearing. A comprehensive evaluation of the performance of a wheel hub bearing needs to involve a variety of performance tests, which can be summarized into 10 items (Table 1). Fig.1 Mapping diagram of performance effect of hub bearing 2.1.1 Research status of load spectrum The purpose of the hub bearing durability test is to evaluate the bearing's raceway contact fatigue life. The core of the current durability test method is to compile the durability test load spectrum. The development process of the durability test load spectrum is shown in Figure 2. The basis for its preparation is: during the driving process of the real vehicle road, the acceleration sensor installed at the wheel end, the six-component force sensor or the calibrated strain bridge is used to collect the load on the wheel. Load, use the rain flow counting method to classify the load information to obtain the prototype of the load spectrum, draw on the theoretical algorithm in the wheel bearing design theory to estimate the wheel end load, synthesize the two information and appropriately introduce the strengthening factor to obtain a standard The durability test load spectrum. Fig. 2 The development process of the load spectrum of the wheel bearing durability test