Usually, the shaft is supported by two bearings in the radial and axial directions. At this time, the bearing on one side is called the fixed side bearing, which bears both radial and axial loads, and acts as a connection between the fixed shaft and the bearing housing. relative axial displacement. Cylindrical roller bearings call the other side the free side, which only bears radial load and can move relatively in the axial direction, so as to solve the problem of expansion and contraction of the shaft caused by temperature changes and the spacing error of the installed bearing. For fixed-side bearings, choose a bearing that can move in the axial direction with the rolling surface (such as cylindrical roller bearings) or move with the assembly surface (such as radial ball bearings). On relatively short shafts, where the fixed side and the free side are indistinguishable, use a bearing that only fixes axial movement in one direction (such as a radial thrust ball bearing). Due to the relative movement of the rolling elements and the raceways and the intrusion of contaminants and dust, the surfaces of the rolling elements and raceways are worn. When the amount of wear is large, the bearing, noise and vibration increase, which reduces the running accuracy of the bearing, thus directly affecting the accuracy of some hosts. Therefore, for some silent machinery bearings, daily maintenance is mainly to prevent the intrusion of pollutants and dust. 1. Influence on bearing life The cleanliness of the bearing has a considerable influence on the life of needle roller bearings. The bearing has carried out special tests for this purpose, and the result is that the difference is several times or even dozens of times. The higher the cleanliness of the bearing, the longer the life, etc. Tests show that the lubricating oil of different cleanliness has a great influence on the life of the ball bearing. Therefore, improving the cleanliness of the lubricating oil can prolong the life of the bearing. In addition, if the dirt particles in the lubricating oil are controlled below 10um, the life of the bearing will also increase several times. 2. Influence on vibration and noise The test results of the bearing test center show that the cleanliness seriously affects the vibration level of the bearing, especially the vibration in the high frequency band. The bearing with high cleanliness has a low vibration velocity value, especially in the high frequency band. The influence of dust in the needle roller bearing grease on the noise has been tested, and it has been proved that the more dust, the greater the noise. 3. Influence on lubricating performance The decrease in bearing cleanliness not only affects the formation of lubricating oil film, but also causes the deterioration of the grease and accelerates its aging, thus affecting the decline of the lubricating performance of the lubricating grease.
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